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Standard Glossary of Terms used in Software Testing
Er zijn 89 termen in deze lijst die beginnen met de letter C.
C
Capability Maturity Model (CMM)
A five level staged framework that describes the key elements of an effective software process. The Capability Maturity Model covers best-practices for planning, engineering and managing software development and maintenance. [CMM] See also Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI).
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)
A framework that describes the key elements of an effective product development and maintenance process. The Capability Maturity Model Integration covers best-practices for planning, engineering and managing product development and maintenance. CMMI is the designated successor of the CMM. [CMMI] See also Capability Maturity Model (CMM).
capture/playback tool
A type of test execution tool where inputs are recorded during manual testing in order to generate automated test scripts that can be executed later (i.e. replayed). These tools are often used to support automated regression testing.
cause-effect diagram
A graphical representation used to organize and display the interrelationships of various possible root causes of a problem. Possible causes of a real or potential defect or failure are organized in categories and subcategories in a horizontal tree-structure, with the (potential) defect or failure as the root node. [After Juran]
cause-effect graph
A graphical representation of inputs and/or stimuli (causes) with their associated outputs (effects), which can be used to design test cases.
cause-effect graphing
A black box test design technique in which test cases are designed from cause-effect graphs. [BS 7925/2]
certification
The process of confirming that a component, system or person complies with its specified requirements, e.g. by passing an exam.
change management
(1) A structured approach to transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations from a current state to a desired future state. (2) Controlled way to effect a change, or a proposed change, to a product or service. See also configuration management.
changeability
The capability of the software product to enable specified modifications to be implemented. [ISO 9126] See also maintainability.
checklist-based testing
An experience-based test design technique whereby the experienced tester uses a high-level list of items to be noted, checked, or remembered, or a set of rules or criteria against which a product has to be verified. See also experience-based testing.
classification tree
A tree showing equivalence partitions hierarchically ordered, which is used to design test cases in the classification tree method. See also classification tree method.
classification tree method
A black box test design technique in which test cases, describedby means of a classification tree, are designed to execute combinations of representatives of input and/or output domains. [Grochtmann]
co-existence
The capability of the software product to co-exist with other independent software in a common environment sharing common resources. [ISO 9126] See also portability.
code
Computer instructions and data definitions expressed in a programming language or in a form output by an assembler, compiler or other translator. [IEEE 610]
codependent behavior
Excessive emotional or psychological dependence on another person, specifically in trying to change that person’s current (undesirable) behavior while supporting them in continuing that behavior. For example, in software testing, complaining about late delivery to test and yet enjoying the necessary “heroism” working additional hours to make up time when delivery is running late, therefore reinforcing the lateness.
compiler
A software tool that translates programs expressed in a high order language into their machine language equivalents. [IEEE 610]
complexity
The degree to which a component or system has a design and/or internal structure that is difficult to understand, maintain and verify. See also cyclomatic complexity.
compliance
The capability of the software product to adhere to standards, conventions or regulations in laws and similar prescriptions. [ISO 9126]
component integration testing
Testing performed to expose defects in the interfaces and interaction between integrated components.
component specification
A description of a component’s function in terms of its output values for specified input values under specified conditions, and required non-functional behavior (e.g. resource-utilization).
compound condition
Two or more single conditions joined by means of a logical operator (AND, OR or XOR), e.g. ‘A>B AND C>1000’.
concurrency testing
Testing to determine how the occurrence of two or more activities within the same interval of time, achieved either by interleaving the activities or by simultaneous execution, is handled by the component or system. [After IEEE 610]
condition
A logical expression that can be evaluated as True or False, e.g. A>B. See also test condition.
condition coverage
The percentage of condition outcomes that have been exercised by a test suite. 100% condition coverage requires each single condition in every decision statement to be tested as True and False.
condition determination coverage
The percentage of all single condition outcomes that independently affect a decision outcome that have been exercised by a test case suite. 100% condition determination coverage implies 100% decision condition coverage.
condition determination testing
A white box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute single condition outcomes that independently affect a decision outcome.
condition testing
A white box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute condition outcomes.
configuration
The composition of a component or system as defined by the number, nature, and interconnections of its constituent parts.
configuration auditing
The function to check on the contents of libraries of configuration items, e.g. for standards compliance. [IEEE 610]
configuration identification
An element of configuration management, consisting of selecting the configuration items for a system and recording their functional and physical characteristics in technical documentation. [IEEE 610]
configuration item
An aggregation of hardware, software or both, that is designated for configuration management and treated as a single entity in the configuration management process. [IEEE 610]
configuration management
A discipline applying technical and administrative direction and surveillance to: identify and document the functional and physical characteristics of a configuration item, control changes to those characteristics, record and report change processing and implementation status, and verify compliance with specified requirements. [IEEE 610]
configuration management tool
A tool that provides support for the identification and control of configuration items, their status over changes and versions, and the release of baselines consisting of configuration items.
consistency
The degree of uniformity, standardization, and freedom from contradiction among the documents or parts of a component or system. [IEEE 610]
content-based model
A process model providing a detailed description of good engineering practices, e.g. test practices.
continuous representation
A capability maturity model structure wherein capability levels provide a recommended order for approaching process improvement within specified process areas. [CMMI]
control flow analysis
A form of static analysis based on a representation of unique paths (sequences of events) in the execution through a component or system. Control flow analysis evaluates the integrity of control flow structures, looking for possible control flow anomalies such as closed loops or logically unreachable process steps.
control flow graph
An abstract representation of all possible sequences of events (paths) in the execution through a component or system.
conversion testing
Testing of software used to convert data from existing systems for use in replacement systems.
corporate dashboard
A dashboard-style representation of the status of corporate performance data. See also balanced scorecard, dashboard.
cost of quality
The total costs incurred on quality activities and issues and often split into prevention costs, appraisal costs, internal failure costs and external failure costs.
coverage
The degree, expressed as a percentage, to which a specified coverage item has been exercised by a test suite.
coverage analysis
Measurement of achieved coverage to a specified coverage item during test execution referring to predetermined criteria to determine whether additional testing is required and if so, which test cases are needed.
coverage item
An entity or property used as a basis for test coverage, e.g. equivalence partitions or code statements.
coverage tool
A tool that provides objective measures of what structural elements, e.g. statements, branches have been exercised by a test suite.
critical success factor
An element which is necessary for an organization or project to achieve its mission. They are the critical factors or activities required for ensuring the success. See also content-based model.
Critical Testing Processes
A content-based model for test process improvement built around twelve critical processes. These include highly visible processes, by which peers and management judge competence and mission-critical processes in which performance affects the company’s profits and reputation.